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There are two main methods used for
hydroponics.
1. Passive. No Electricity.
In this method we usually hand water pots or boxes just like
soil gardening, but with soil substitutes. This can be very easy and
eliminates soil diseases, knowing whether a plant needs fertiliser or
what kind of fertiliser. You add the nutrients to tap water and
"water" the plants until moist.

To make it automatic, we can also use self watering pots, tanks of
nutrients with an automatic valve, or wick systems.

Above: Using a tank and valve

Above: using a wick to draw water and nutrient from the tank below
2. Recirculating or pump driven systems
We can use irrigation systems that are amazing. They allow for
tremendous growth rates as they maximise a plants potential.
Common methods are:-
Trickle irrigation - trickling nutrients over the
roots then allowing them time to use the nutrients before irrigating
them again)

roses trickle fed in expanded clay balls
Flood and Drain - flooding the roots then
draining them

a tray filled with clay balls is flooded every 2 hours
for 15 minutes
Nutrient film technique -growing in
pipes/channels

Plants are placed in a shallow (1mm or less) moving
stream of nutrients
Aeroponics - spraying roots suspended in the air

roots hang in a chamber and sprayers spray nutrients onto
them,
usually for 15 mins, then off for 15 mins |